Dental References

BrushPak Affiliated Dentists’ dental care recommendations are based on Scientific Medical and Dental Studies***. See BrushPak…The Science for more info and findings found in the following studies.

“BrushPak….The Science” References

[1] R. T. Glass, “The infected toothbrush, the infected denture, and transmission of disease: a review,” Compendium, vol. 13, no. 7, pp. 592–598, 1992.

[2] M. J. M. Bonten, M. K. Hayden, C. Nathan et al., “Epidemiology of colonisation of patients and environment with vancomycin-resistant enterococci,” The Lancet, vol. 348, no. 9042, pp. 1615–1619, 1996.

[3] Centers for Disease Control. In CDC’s National Center for Infectious Diseases, 2002, http://www.cdc.gov/oralhealth/ infectioncontrol/factsheets/toothbrushes.htm.

[4] ADA.org: ADA statement on toothbrush care: cleaning, storage and replacement, 2009, http://www.ada.org/1887.aspx.

[5] S. D. Caudry, A. Klitorinos, and E. C. Chan, “Contaminated toothbrushes and their disinfection,” Journal (Canadian Dental Association), vol. 61, no. 6, pp. 511–516, 1995

[6] R. T. Glass and M. M. Lare, “Toothbrush contamination: a potential health risk?” Quintessence International, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 39–42, 1986.

[7] N. Grewal and K. Swaranjit, “A study of toothbrush contamination at different time intervals and comparative effectiveness of various disinfecting solutions in reducing toothbrush contamination,” Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 10–13, 1996.

[8] L. Bunetel, S. Tricot-Doleux, G. Agnani, and M. BonnaureMallet, “In vitro evaluation of the retention of three species of pathogenic microorganisms by three different types of toothbrush,” Oral Microbiology and Immunology, vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 313–316, 2000.

[9] A. Mehta, P. S. Sequeira, and G. Bhat, “Bacterial contaminationanddecontaminationoftoothbrushesafteruse,”TheNew York State Dental Journal, vol. 73, no. 3, pp. 20–22, 2007.

[10] 2012 M. R. Frazelle and C. L. Munro,” Toothbrush Contamination: A Review of the Literature” Hindawi Publishing Corporation Nursing Research and Practice Volume 2012, Article ID 420630, 6 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/420630

[11] Dahlen G, Lindhe J, Sato K, Hanamura H, Okamoto H. The effect of supragingival plaque control on the subgingival microbiota in subjects with periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol 1992; 19: 802-809

[12] Seung-Geun Lee, Bo-Ram Kang, Han-Sol Kim, Hyuk-Hyun Park, Hye-Ran Park, Seul-Ki Yoon, Seoul-Hee Nam,  “Changes in the number of bacteria in a toothbrush according to the toothbrush management method”, Biomedical Research 2017; 28 (16): 7306-7310

[13]. Cugini M, Warren PR. The Oral-B CrossAction manual toothbrush: a 5-year literature review. J Can Dent Assoc 2006; 72: 323.

[14] Jeong YK, Seong YR, Cho KS, Seong HK, Kim JB. Bacteriological contamination of home toothbrushes and hygiene improvement. J Korean Acad Oral Health 1992; 16: 15-17.

[15] M. B. Dayoub, D. Rusilko, and A. Gross, “Microbial contamination of toothbrushes,” Journal of Dental Research, vol. 56, no. 6, article 706, 1977.

[16] M. C. Goldschmidt, D. P. Warren, H. J. Keene, W. H. Tate, and C. Gowda, “Effects of an antimicrobial additive to toothbrushes on residual periodontal pathogens,” Journal of Clinical Dentistry, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 66–70, 2004.

[17] Pai V. Effect of a single-use toothbrush on plaque microflora.Indian J Dent Res 2009;20:404-406

[18] Sachdev R, Garg K, Singh G, Mehrotra A, Nigam K. Effectiveness of single use over multiple use toothbrushes on negative oral microflora of plaque. J Family Med Prim Care 2019;8:3940-3.